From: Damien Broderick (damien@ariel.ucs.unimelb.edu.au)
Date: Fri Dec 11 1998 - 09:37:19 MST
>galaxy. I think I got this from Hyperspace by Michio Kaku
In Kaku's VISIONS, he cites and uses the analysis by Nikolair Kardashev and
Freeman Dyson (first popularised by Sagan, I believe, in THE COSMIC
CONNECTION [1975]).
Type I civilisation masters all the energy available on a single planet.
(So we're still Type 0.)
Type II masters a star - using a Dyson sphere, for example.
Type III exploits groups of stars, perhaps a whole galaxy.
Kaku conjectures Type IV, which plays tricks with wormholes and can escape
the death of this universe by tunneling to another.
Damien Broderick
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