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Subject: Re: [bitcoin-dev] Congestion Control via OP_CHECKOUTPUTSHASHVERIFY
	proposal
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> * I do not think CoinJoin is much improved by this opcode.
>   Typically, you would sign off only if one of the outputs of the
CoinJoin transaction is yours, and this does not really improve this
situation.

Coinjoin benefits a lot I think.


Coinjoin is improved because you can fit more users into the protocol and
create many more outputs at lower cost or include more participants.
Ideally a coinjoin creates a lot of outputs so that the ownership is
smeared more, but this has a cost at the time of the coinjoin.

Coinjoin is also improved because you don't reveal the outputs created by
the coinjoin until some time, perhaps very far in the future, when you need
the coin. In fact, you only need to reveal where you're moving the coins to
participants in your subtree because participants need only verify their
branch.

It also makes the protocol more stable with respect to input choice. This
is because, similar to how NOINPUT may work, OP_COSHV outputs are spendable
without knowing what the TXID will be. Therefore if someone changes their
input or non segwit spend script, it won't break the presigned txns. This
also means that all the inputs can be ANYONECANPAY, so there is no need to
reveal your inputs before anyone else.

This culminates in being able to open channels from a coinjoin safely, I
believe this is difficult/impossible to do currently.




> * Using this for congestion control increases blockchain usage by one TXO
and one input, ending up with *more* bytes onchain, and a UTXO that will be
removed later in (we hope) short time.
>   I do not know if this is a good idea, to increase congestion by making
unnecessary intermediate transaction outputs, at times when congestion is a
problem.

This is a good idea because it improves QoS for most users.

For receiving money pending spendable but confirmed payment (i.e. certified
checks) is superior to having unconfirmed funds.

For sending money, being able to clear all liabilities in a single txn
decreases business exposure to fee variance and confirmation time variance.
E.g., if I'm doing payroll in Bitcoin I will pay big fines if I am a day
late. If I have 10,000 employees this might be painful if fees are
currently up.

It also helps to have a backlog of low priority txns to support the fee
market.

Overall block bandwidth utilization is fairly spikey, so having long term
well known outputs that are not time sensitive can be used to better
utilize bandwidth.

The total extra bandwidth btw is really small given the expansion factor
optimizations available.


> * I cannot find a way to implement Decker-Russell-Osuntokun (or any
offchain update mechanism) on top of this opcode, so I cannot support
replacing `SIGHASH_NOINPUT` with this opcode.
>   In particular, while the finite loop support by this opcode appears (at
first glance) to be useable as the "stepper" for an offchain update
mechanism, I cannot find a good way to short-circuit the transaction chain
without `SIGHASH_NOINPUT` anyway.

I'm not deeply familiar with DRO channels. This opcode isn't a replacement
for SIGHASH_NOINPUT -- SIGHASH_NOINPUT is mentioned merely to contrast
using SIGHASH_NOINPUT for the uses presented in this BIP.

Lastly there's no 'replacing'. Neither NOINPUT nor COSHV are accepted by
the community at large yet, and they do different things.


> * Channel factories created by this opcode do not, by themselves, support
updates to the channel structure.
>   But such simple "close only" channel factories can be done using n-of-n
and a pre-signed offchain transaction (especially since the entities
interested in the factory are known and enumerable, and thus can be induced
to sign in order to enter the factory).

I'm not really an expert at Bitcoin Lightning, but this basic mechanism
should work.

Imagine the script at a leaf node:

Taproot([Alice, Bob], [OP_COSHV <H(H(2 coins to uncooperative script))>]
where uncooperative script is:

Taproot([Alice, Bob], ["1 week" CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY DROP OP_COSHV <H(H(Pay
alice 2 coins))>)

Cooperative closing skips the extra transactions. Updates are signed
against the uncooperative script with repudation. E.g.:

    HASH160 <revokehash> EQUAL
    IF
        <Bob's pubkey>
    ELSE
        "1 week" CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY DROP
        <Alice's pubkey>
    ENDIF
    CHECKSIG

It can even be optimized by letting the uncooperative script branches in
the leaf be blaming Alice or Bob.

Does that not work?

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Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-=
size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"></div><br><br>&gt; * I=
 do not think CoinJoin is much improved by this opcode.<br><div>&gt; =C2=A0=
 Typically, you would sign off only if one of the outputs of the CoinJoin t=
ransaction is yours, and this does not really improve this situation.</div>=
<div><br></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;fo=
nt-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Coinjoin benefits a=
 lot I think.</div><br></div><br><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,=
sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Coinjo=
in is improved because you can fit more users into the protocol and create =
many more outputs at lower cost or include more participants. Ideally a coi=
njoin creates a lot of outputs so that the ownership is smeared more, but t=
his has a cost at the time of the coinjoin.<br></div><div style=3D"font-fam=
ily:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"g=
mail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-seri=
f;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Coinjoin is als=
o improved because you don&#39;t reveal the outputs created by the coinjoin=
 until some time, perhaps very far in the future, when you need the coin. I=
n fact, you only need to reveal where you&#39;re moving the coins to partic=
ipants in your subtree because participants need only verify their branch.<=
br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:sma=
ll;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-f=
amily:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D=
"gmail_default">It also makes the protocol more stable with respect to inpu=
t choice. This is because, similar to how NOINPUT may work, OP_COSHV output=
s are spendable without knowing what the TXID will be. Therefore if someone=
 changes their input or non segwit spend script, it won&#39;t break the pre=
signed txns. This also means that all the inputs can be ANYONECANPAY, so th=
ere is no need to reveal your inputs before anyone else.</div><div style=3D=
"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" c=
lass=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,=
sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">This c=
ulminates in being able to open channels from a coinjoin safely, I believe =
this is difficult/impossible to do currently.</div><div style=3D"font-famil=
y:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gma=
il_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;=
font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div><b=
r></div><br>&gt; * Using this for congestion control increases blockchain u=
sage by one TXO and one input, ending up with *more* bytes onchain, and a U=
TXO that will be removed later in (we hope) short time.<br><div>&gt; =C2=A0=
 I do not know if this is a good idea, to increase congestion by making unn=
ecessary intermediate transaction outputs, at times when congestion is a pr=
oblem.</div><div><br></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,s=
ans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">This is=
 a good idea because it improves QoS for most users.<br></div><div style=3D=
"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" c=
lass=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,=
sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">For re=
ceiving money pending spendable but confirmed payment (i.e. certified check=
s) is superior to having unconfirmed funds.</div><div style=3D"font-family:=
arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail=
_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;fo=
nt-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">For sending money, =
being able to clear all liabilities in a single txn decreases business expo=
sure to fee variance and confirmation time variance. E.g., if I&#39;m doing=
 payroll in Bitcoin I will pay big fines if I am a day late. If I have 10,0=
00 employees this might be painful if fees are currently up.<br></div><div =
style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0=
,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,he=
lvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default=
">It also helps to have a backlog of low priority txns to support the fee m=
arket.</div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:=
small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"fon=
t-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=
=3D"gmail_default">Overall block bandwidth utilization is fairly spikey, so=
 having long term well known outputs that are not time sensitive can be use=
d to better utilize bandwidth.<br></div></div><div><br></div><div><div styl=
e=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0=
)" class=3D"gmail_default">The total extra bandwidth btw is really small gi=
ven the expansion factor optimizations available.</div><br></div><br>&gt; *=
 I cannot find a way to implement Decker-Russell-Osuntokun (or any offchain=
 update mechanism) on top of this opcode, so I cannot support replacing `SI=
GHASH_NOINPUT` with this opcode.<br><div>&gt; =C2=A0 In particular, while t=
he finite loop support by this opcode appears (at first glance) to be useab=
le as the &quot;stepper&quot; for an offchain update mechanism, I cannot fi=
nd a good way to short-circuit the transaction chain without `SIGHASH_NOINP=
UT` anyway.</div><div><br></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvet=
ica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">I&=
#39;m not deeply familiar with DRO channels. This opcode isn&#39;t a replac=
ement for SIGHASH_NOINPUT -- SIGHASH_NOINPUT is mentioned merely to contras=
t using SIGHASH_NOINPUT for the uses presented in this BIP. </div><div styl=
e=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0=
)" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvet=
ica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">La=
stly there&#39;s no &#39;replacing&#39;. Neither NOINPUT nor COSHV are acce=
pted by the community at large yet, and they do different things.<br></div>=
<br></div><div><br></div>&gt; * Channel factories created by this opcode do=
 not, by themselves, support updates to the channel structure.<br><div>&gt;=
 =C2=A0 But such simple &quot;close only&quot; channel factories can be don=
e using n-of-n and a pre-signed offchain transaction (especially since the =
entities interested in the factory are known and enumerable, and thus can b=
e induced to sign in order to enter the factory).</div><div><br></div><div>=
<div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:=
rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">I&#39;m not really an expert at Bitcoin=
 Lightning, but this basic mechanism should work. </div><br></div><div><div=
 style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(=
0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Imagine the script at a leaf node:<br></div=
></div><div><br></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-s=
erif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Taproot([Ali=
ce, Bob], [OP_COSHV &lt;H(H(2 coins to uncooperative script))&gt;]<br></div=
></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:=
small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"></div><div style=3D"font-fa=
mily:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"=
gmail_default">where uncooperative script is:</div><br><span class=3D"gmail=
_default" style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;c=
olor:rgb(0,0,0)"></span>Taproot([Alice, Bob], [&quot;<span class=3D"gmail_d=
efault" style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;col=
or:rgb(0,0,0)">1 week</span>&quot; CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY DROP<span class=3D"g=
mail_default" style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:sma=
ll;color:rgb(0,0,0)"> </span>OP_COSHV &lt;H(H(Pay alice <span class=3D"gmai=
l_default" style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;=
color:rgb(0,0,0)">2 coins</span>))&gt;<span class=3D"gmail_default" style=
=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)=
">)</span></div><div><br></div><div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helveti=
ca,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Coo=
perative closing skips the extra transactions. Updates are signed against t=
he uncooperative script with repudation. E.g.:</div><div style=3D"font-fami=
ly:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gm=
ail_default"><br></div>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 HASH160 &lt;revokehash&gt; EQUAL<br>=
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 IF<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;Bob&#39;s pubkey&gt;<br=
>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 ELSE<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &quot;<span class=3D"gma=
il_default" style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small=
;color:rgb(0,0,0)">1 week</span><span class=3D"gmail_default" style=3D"font=
-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)"></span=
>&quot; CHECKSEQUENCEVERIFY DROP<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;Alice&#=
39;s pubkey&gt;<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 ENDIF<br>=C2=A0 =C2=A0 CHECKSIG<div style=
=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)=
" class=3D"gmail_default"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helveti=
ca,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">It =
can even be optimized by letting the uncooperative script branches in the l=
eaf be blaming Alice or Bob.<br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helve=
tica,sans-serif;font-size:small;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default"><=
br></div><div style=3D"font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:sma=
ll;color:rgb(0,0,0)" class=3D"gmail_default">Does that not work?<br></div><=
br></div></div>

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