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From: Ethan Heilman <eth3rs@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 18 Nov 2024 13:54:17 -0500
Message-ID: <CAEM=y+VpeEwqWtXqs+RpOFrO=WGzbSkPEEqBqBxc-87Z4ruh2g@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [bitcoindev] Multi-byte opcodes
To: Brandon Black <freedom@reardencode.com>
Cc: Weikeng Chen <weikeng.chen@l2iterative.com>, 
	Bitcoin Development Mailing List <bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
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Couldn't we add opcodes contexts via the script version?

By context I mean an opcode that loads a 1 to N byte map rewriting the
mapping from opcode number to what instruction that number signifies. This
should let you have an infinite number of instructions. You could change
the context multiple times in a script as a cost of only two or three bytes.



On Mon, Nov 18, 2024, 1:36 PM Brandon Black <freedom@reardencode.com> wrote:

> Hi Weikeng, thanks for your thoughts on this!
>
> > We can, however, solve that by allowing multi-byte opcodes.
> >
> > Say, for example, we can have:
> >     OP_OP { 0x1521 }
> > which will set the current opcode to be the one with the assigned number
> > 0x1521.
> >
> > Another idea is maybe OP_OP takes a stack element as the opcode.
> >     { 0x1521 } OP_OP
>
> Another option that works for many cases is to have opcode families
> where an argument is augmented with flags to determine the behavior. We
> can consider this to already be the case for OP_CHECKSIG* where the
> signature determines the behavior of the hashing portion of the opcode.
>
> This is also how OP_CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFY is designed, and how
> OP_CHECKSIGFROMSTACKVERIFY as currently spec'd in the PR is designed.
> CTV and CSFSV only constrain 32-byte first arguments, but not other
> lengths leaving open extensions using any other length, including using
> other lengths of either opcode as OP_OP, or as variants on CTV and CSFSV
> respectively.
>
> The benefit of this approach is that it doesn't "waste" the length byte
> only to specify the opcode behavior, but enables it to do double duty as
> specifying the total length of the first argument including both flags
> and data.
>
> Best,
>
> --Brandon
>
> --
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> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/Zzt2OCE6Aj9H3DiY%40console.
>

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<div dir=3D"auto">Couldn&#39;t we add opcodes contexts via the script versi=
on?<div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">By context I mean an opcod=
e that loads a 1 to N byte map rewriting the mapping from opcode number to =
what instruction that number signifies. This should let you have an infinit=
e number of instructions. You could change the context multiple times in a =
script as a cost of only two or three bytes.</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></d=
iv><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div></div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div di=
r=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Mon, Nov 18, 2024, 1:36 PM Brandon Black =
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:freedom@reardencode.com">freedom@reardencode.com</a>&=
gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hi We=
ikeng, thanks for your thoughts on this!<br>
<br>
&gt; We can, however, solve that by allowing multi-byte opcodes.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Say, for example, we can have:<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0OP_OP { 0x1521 }<br>
&gt; which will set the current opcode to be the one with the assigned numb=
er <br>
&gt; 0x1521.<br>
&gt; <br>
&gt; Another idea is maybe OP_OP takes a stack element as the opcode.<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0{ 0x1521 } OP_OP<br>
<br>
Another option that works for many cases is to have opcode families<br>
where an argument is augmented with flags to determine the behavior. We<br>
can consider this to already be the case for OP_CHECKSIG* where the<br>
signature determines the behavior of the hashing portion of the opcode.<br>
<br>
This is also how OP_CHECKTEMPLATEVERIFY is designed, and how<br>
OP_CHECKSIGFROMSTACKVERIFY as currently spec&#39;d in the PR is designed.<b=
r>
CTV and CSFSV only constrain 32-byte first arguments, but not other<br>
lengths leaving open extensions using any other length, including using<br>
other lengths of either opcode as OP_OP, or as variants on CTV and CSFSV<br=
>
respectively.<br>
<br>
The benefit of this approach is that it doesn&#39;t &quot;waste&quot; the l=
ength byte<br>
only to specify the opcode behavior, but enables it to do double duty as<br=
>
specifying the total length of the first argument including both flags<br>
and data.<br>
<br>
Best,<br>
<br>
--Brandon<br>
<br>
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0console</a>.<br>
</blockquote></div>

<p></p>

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