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authorRyan Butler <rryananizer@gmail.com>2015-08-07 15:17:29 -0500
committerbitcoindev <bitcoindev@gnusha.org>2015-08-07 20:17:31 +0000
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Re: [bitcoin-dev] Fees and the block-finding process
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+Date: Fri, 7 Aug 2015 15:17:29 -0500
+Message-ID: <CAF_2MyXumMsx2nzpoxkGZjXarj6tbAsm+37RwPs-nsi+zaUdGw@mail.gmail.com>
+From: Ryan Butler <rryananizer@gmail.com>
+To: Mark Friedenbach <mark@friedenbach.org>
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+Cc: Bitcoin Dev <bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org>
+Subject: Re: [bitcoin-dev] Fees and the block-finding process
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+--001a113ce1b43b4327051cbe5356
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+
+Peter's proposal undercuts matching blocksize growth to technological
+progress not limiting centralization pressure. They are somewhat related,
+but I want to be clear on what I originally stated. I would also point out
+that Peter's proposal lacks this technical criteria as well.
+
+That being said, I think designing any growth rates on theoretical
+centralization pressure is not sensible and Peter's proposal rightly
+excludes it and attempts instead for a very gradual increase over time
+attempting to match blocksize growth that is consistent with technological
+bandwidth growth. The problem is that it ignores the last 6 years (we are
+already "behind") and underestimates bandwidth and storage growth. (See
+Nielsen's law which states 50% and has held for 30 years).
+
+Peter seems to be of the belief that since bitcoin will never be able to
+handle all the world's transactions we should instead "...decrease the need
+for trust required in off-chain systems...". This is akin to basing all
+the world's transactions on a small settlement layer, much like balancing a
+pyramid upside down it will topple.
+
+I'm of the belief that the "reasonable node" test is a simple enough test
+to maintain decentralization.
+
+A raspberry pie 2 node on reasonable Internet connection with a reasonable
+hard drive can run a node with 8 or 20mb blocks easily.
+
+As Peter's proposal indicates, "If over time, this growth factor is beyond
+what the actual technology offers, the intention should be to soft fork a
+tighter limit." I wholeheartedly agree, which is why we should plan to be
+ahead of the curve...not behind it.
+On Aug 7, 2015 2:15 PM, "Mark Friedenbach" <mark@friedenbach.org> wrote:
+
+> Surely you have some sort of empirical measurement demonstrating the
+> validity of that statement? That is to say you've established some
+> technical criteria by which to determine how much centralization pressure
+> is too much, and shown that Pieter's proposal undercuts expected progress
+> in that area?
+>
+> On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 12:07 PM, Ryan Butler <rryananizer@gmail.com>
+> wrote:
+>
+>> Clarification...
+>>
+>> These are not mutually exclusive. We can design an increase to blocksize
+>> that increases available space on chain AND follow technological
+>> evolution. Peter's latest proposal is way too conservative on that front.
+>>
+>> And given Peter's assertion that demand is infinite there will still be a
+>> an ocean of off chain transactions for the likes of blockstream to address.
+>> On Aug 7, 2015 1:57 PM, "Ryan Butler" <rryananizer@gmail.com> wrote:
+>>
+>>> Who said anything about scaling bitcoin to visa levels now? We're
+>>> talking about an increase now that scales into the future at a rate that is
+>>> consistent with technological progress.
+>>>
+>>> Peter himself said "So, I think the block size should follow
+>>> technological evolution...".
+>>>
+>>> The blocksize increase proposals have been modeled around this very
+>>> thing. It's reasonable to increase the blocksize to a point that a
+>>> reasonable person, with reasonable equipment and internet access can run a
+>>> node or even a miner with acceptable orphan rates. Most miners are spv
+>>> mining anyways. The 8 or even 20 MB limits are within those parameters.
+>>>
+>>> These are not mutually exclusive. We can design an increase to
+>>> blocksize that addresses both demand exceeding the available space AND
+>>> follow technological evolution. Peter's latest proposal is way too
+>>> conservative on that front.
+>>> On Aug 7, 2015 1:25 PM, "Mark Friedenbach" <mark@friedenbach.org> wrote:
+>>>
+>>>> Please don't put words into Pieter's mouth. I guarantee you everyone
+>>>> working on Bitcoin in their heart of hearts would prefer everyone in the
+>>>> world being able to use the Bitcoin ledger for whatever purpose, if there
+>>>> were no cost.
+>>>>
+>>>> But like any real world engineering issue, this is a matter of
+>>>> tradeoffs. At the extreme it is simply impossible to scale Bitcoin to the
+>>>> terrabyte sized blocks that would be necessary to service the entire
+>>>> world's financial transactions. Not without sacrificing entirely the
+>>>> protection of policy neutrality achieved through decentralization. And as
+>>>> that is Bitcoin's only advantage over traditional consensus systems, you
+>>>> would have to wonder what the point of such an endeavor would be.
+>>>>
+>>>> So *somewhere* you have to draw the line, and transactions below that
+>>>> level are simply pushed into higher level or off-chain protocols.
+>>>>
+>>>> The issue, as Pieter and Jorge have been pointing out, is that
+>>>> technical discussion over where that line should be has been missing from
+>>>> this debate.
+>>>>
+>>>> On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 10:47 AM, Ryan Butler via bitcoin-dev <
+>>>> bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org> wrote:
+>>>>
+>>>>> Interesting position there Peter...you fear more people actually using
+>>>>> bitcoin. The less on chain transactions the lower the velocity and the
+>>>>> lower the value of the network. I would be careful what you ask for
+>>>>> because you end up having nothing left to even root the security of these
+>>>>> off chain transactions with and then neither will exist.
+>>>>>
+>>>>> Nobody ever said you wouldn't run out of capacity at any size. It's
+>>>>> quite the fallacy to draw the conclusion from that statement that block
+>>>>> size should remain far below a capacity it can easily maintain which would
+>>>>> bring more users/velocity/value to the system. The outcomes of both of
+>>>>> those scenarios are asymmetric. A higher block size can support more users
+>>>>> and volume.
+>>>>>
+>>>>> Raising the blocksize isn't out of fear. It's the realization that we
+>>>>> are at a point where we can raise it and support more users and
+>>>>> transactions while keeping the downsides to a minimum (centralization etc).
+>>>>> On Aug 7, 2015 11:28 AM, "Pieter Wuille via bitcoin-dev" <
+>>>>> bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org> wrote:
+>>>>>
+>>>>>> On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 5:55 PM, Gavin Andresen <
+>>>>>> gavinandresen@gmail.com> wrote:
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>>> On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 11:16 AM, Pieter Wuille <
+>>>>>>> pieter.wuille@gmail.com> wrote:
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>>> I guess my question (and perhaps that's what Jorge is after): do
+>>>>>>>> you feel that blocks should be increased in response to (or for fear of)
+>>>>>>>> such a scenario.
+>>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>> I think there are multiple reasons to raise the maximum block size,
+>>>>>>> and yes, fear of Bad Things Happening as we run up against the 1MB limit is
+>>>>>>> one of the reasons.
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>> I take the opinion of smart engineers who actually do resource
+>>>>>>> planning and have seen what happens when networks run out of capacity very
+>>>>>>> seriously.
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>> This is a fundamental disagreement then. I believe that the demand is
+>>>>>> infinite if you don't set a fee minimum (and I don't think we should), and
+>>>>>> it just takes time for the market to find a way to fill whatever is
+>>>>>> available - the rest goes into off-chain systems anyway. You will run out
+>>>>>> of capacity at any size, and acting out of fear of that reality does not
+>>>>>> improve the system. Whatever size blocks are actually produced, I believe
+>>>>>> the result will either be something people consider too small to be
+>>>>>> competitive ("you mean Bitcoin can only do 24 transactions per second?"
+>>>>>> sounds almost the same as "you mean Bitcoin can only do 3 transactions per
+>>>>>> second?"), or something that is very centralized in practice, and likely
+>>>>>> both.
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>>> And if so, if that is a reason for increase now, won't it be a
+>>>>>>>> reason for an increase later as well? It is my impression that your answer
+>>>>>>>> is yes, that this is why you want to increase the block size quickly and
+>>>>>>>> significantly, but correct me if I'm wrong.
+>>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>> Sure, it might be a reason for an increase later. Here's my message
+>>>>>>> to in-the-future Bitcoin engineers: you should consider raising the
+>>>>>>> maximum block size if needed and you think the benefits of doing so (like
+>>>>>>> increased adoption or lower transaction fees or increased reliability)
+>>>>>>> outweigh the costs (like higher operating costs for full-nodes or the
+>>>>>>> disruption caused by ANY consensus rule change).
+>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>> In general that sounds reasonable, but it's a dangerous precedent to
+>>>>>> make technical decisions based on a fear of change of economics...
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>> --
+>>>>>> Pieter
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>> _______________________________________________
+>>>>>> bitcoin-dev mailing list
+>>>>>> bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org
+>>>>>> https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/bitcoin-dev
+>>>>>>
+>>>>>>
+>>>>> _______________________________________________
+>>>>> bitcoin-dev mailing list
+>>>>> bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org
+>>>>> https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/bitcoin-dev
+>>>>>
+>>>>>
+>>>>
+>
+
+--001a113ce1b43b4327051cbe5356
+Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
+
+<p dir=3D"ltr">Peter&#39;s proposal undercuts matching blocksize growth to =
+technological progress not limiting centralization pressure.=C2=A0 They are=
+ somewhat related, but I want to be clear on what I originally stated.=C2=
+=A0 I would also point out that Peter&#39;s proposal lacks this technical c=
+riteria as well.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">That being said, I think designing any growth rates on theor=
+etical centralization pressure is not sensible and Peter&#39;s proposal rig=
+htly excludes it and attempts instead for a very gradual increase over time=
+ attempting to match blocksize growth that is consistent with technological=
+ bandwidth growth.=C2=A0 The problem is that it ignores the last 6 years (w=
+e are already &quot;behind&quot;) and underestimates bandwidth and storage =
+growth. (See Nielsen&#39;s law which states 50% and has held for 30 years).=
+</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">Peter seems to be of the belief that since bitcoin will neve=
+r be able to handle all the world&#39;s transactions we should instead &quo=
+t;...decrease the need for trust required in off-chain systems...&quot;.=C2=
+=A0 This is akin to basing all the world&#39;s transactions on a small sett=
+lement layer, much like balancing a pyramid upside down it will topple. </p=
+>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">I&#39;m of the belief that the &quot;reasonable node&quot; t=
+est is a simple enough test to maintain decentralization.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">A raspberry pie 2 node on reasonable Internet connection wit=
+h a reasonable hard drive can run a node with 8 or 20mb blocks easily.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">As Peter&#39;s proposal indicates, &quot;If over time, this =
+growth factor is beyond what the actual technology offers, the intention sh=
+ould be to soft fork a tighter limit.&quot;=C2=A0 I wholeheartedly agree, w=
+hich is why we should plan to be ahead of the curve...not behind it.</p>
+<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Aug 7, 2015 2:15 PM, &quot;Mark Friedenbach&q=
+uot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:mark@friedenbach.org">mark@friedenbach.org</a>&g=
+t; wrote:<br type=3D"attribution"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
+=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=
+=3D"ltr">Surely you have some sort of empirical measurement demonstrating t=
+he validity of that statement? That is to say you&#39;ve established some t=
+echnical criteria by which to determine how much centralization pressure is=
+ too much, and shown that Pieter&#39;s proposal undercuts expected progress=
+ in that area?<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_=
+quote">On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 12:07 PM, Ryan Butler <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<=
+a href=3D"mailto:rryananizer@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">rryananizer@gmail=
+.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
+rgin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><p dir=3D"ltr"=
+>Clarification...</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">These are not mutually exclusive.=C2=A0 We can design an inc=
+rease to blocksize that increases available space on chain AND follow techn=
+ological evolution.=C2=A0 Peter&#39;s latest proposal is way too conservati=
+ve on that front.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">And given Peter&#39;s assertion that demand is infinite ther=
+e will still be a an ocean of off chain transactions for the likes of block=
+stream to address.<br>
+</p><div><div>
+<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Aug 7, 2015 1:57 PM, &quot;Ryan Butler&quot; =
+&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rryananizer@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">rryananizer@=
+gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br type=3D"attribution"><blockquote class=3D"gmail=
+_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:=
+1ex"><p dir=3D"ltr">Who said anything about scaling bitcoin to visa levels =
+now?=C2=A0 We&#39;re talking about an increase now that scales into the fut=
+ure at a rate that is consistent with technological progress.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">Peter himself said &quot;So, I think the block size should f=
+ollow technological evolution...&quot;.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">The blocksize increase proposals have been modeled around th=
+is very thing.=C2=A0 It&#39;s reasonable to increase the blocksize to a poi=
+nt that a reasonable person, with reasonable equipment and internet access =
+can run a node or even a miner with acceptable orphan rates.=C2=A0 Most min=
+ers are spv mining anyways.=C2=A0 The 8 or even 20 MB limits are within tho=
+se parameters.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">These are not mutually exclusive.=C2=A0 We can design an inc=
+rease to blocksize that addresses both demand exceeding the available space=
+ AND follow technological evolution.=C2=A0 Peter&#39;s latest proposal is w=
+ay too conservative on that front.</p>
+<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Aug 7, 2015 1:25 PM, &quot;Mark Friedenbach&q=
+uot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:mark@friedenbach.org" target=3D"_blank">mark@fri=
+edenbach.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br type=3D"attribution"><blockquote class=3D"gm=
+ail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-le=
+ft:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div>Please don&#39;t put words into Pie=
+ter&#39;s mouth. I guarantee you everyone working on Bitcoin in their heart=
+ of hearts would prefer everyone in the world being able to use the Bitcoin=
+ ledger for whatever purpose, if there were no cost.<br><br></div>But like =
+any real world engineering issue, this is a matter of tradeoffs. At the ext=
+reme it is simply impossible to scale Bitcoin to the terrabyte sized blocks=
+ that would be necessary to service the entire world&#39;s financial transa=
+ctions. Not without sacrificing entirely the protection of policy neutralit=
+y achieved through decentralization. And as that is Bitcoin&#39;s only adva=
+ntage over traditional consensus systems, you would have to wonder what the=
+ point of such an endeavor would be.<br><br></div>So *somewhere* you have t=
+o draw the line, and transactions below that level are simply pushed into h=
+igher level or off-chain protocols.<br><br></div>The issue, as Pieter and J=
+orge have been pointing out, is that technical discussion over where that l=
+ine should be has been missing from this debate.<br></div><div class=3D"gma=
+il_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 10:47 AM, R=
+yan Butler via bitcoin-dev <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:bitcoin-=
+dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org" target=3D"_blank">bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfou=
+ndation.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" styl=
+e=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><p dir=
+=3D"ltr">Interesting position there Peter...you fear more people actually u=
+sing bitcoin.=C2=A0 The less on chain transactions the lower the velocity a=
+nd the lower the value of the network.=C2=A0 I would be careful what you as=
+k for because you end up having nothing left to even root the security of t=
+hese off chain transactions with and then neither will exist.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">Nobody ever said you wouldn&#39;t run out of capacity at any=
+ size.=C2=A0 It&#39;s quite the fallacy to draw the conclusion from that st=
+atement that block size should remain far below a capacity it can easily ma=
+intain which would bring more users/velocity/value to the system.=C2=A0 The=
+ outcomes of both of those scenarios are asymmetric.=C2=A0 A higher block s=
+ize can support more users and volume.</p>
+<p dir=3D"ltr">Raising the blocksize isn&#39;t out of fear.=C2=A0 It&#39;s =
+the realization that we are at a point where we can raise it and support mo=
+re users and transactions while keeping the downsides to a minimum (central=
+ization etc).</p>
+<div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><div>On Aug 7, 2015 11:28 AM, &quot;Pieter =
+Wuille via bitcoin-dev&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxf=
+oundation.org" target=3D"_blank">bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org</a>&=
+gt; wrote:<br type=3D"attribution"></div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_q=
+uote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1e=
+x"><div><div><div dir=3D"ltr">On Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 5:55 PM, Gavin Andrese=
+n <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:gavinandresen@gmail.com" target=
+=3D"_blank">gavinandresen@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"=
+gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" s=
+tyle=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div=
+ dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span>On=
+ Fri, Aug 7, 2015 at 11:16 AM, Pieter Wuille <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
+=3D"mailto:pieter.wuille@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pieter.wuille@gmail.c=
+om</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"marg=
+in:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"=
+><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>I guess my ques=
+tion (and perhaps that&#39;s what Jorge is after): do you feel that blocks =
+should be increased in response to (or for fear of) such a scenario. </div>=
+</div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>I think there are=
+ multiple reasons to raise the maximum block size, and yes, fear of Bad Thi=
+ngs Happening as we run up against the 1MB limit is one of the reasons.</di=
+v><div><br></div><div>I take the opinion of smart engineers who actually do=
+ resource planning and have seen what happens when networks run out of capa=
+city very seriously.</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><di=
+v>This is a fundamental disagreement then. I believe that the demand is inf=
+inite if you don&#39;t set a fee minimum (and I don&#39;t think we should),=
+ and it just takes time for the market to find a way to fill whatever is av=
+ailable - the rest goes into off-chain systems anyway. You will run out of =
+capacity at any size, and acting out of fear of that reality does not impro=
+ve the system. Whatever size blocks are actually produced, I believe the re=
+sult will either be something people consider too small to be competitive (=
+&quot;you mean Bitcoin can only do 24 transactions per second?&quot; sounds=
+ almost the same as &quot;you mean Bitcoin can only do 3 transactions per s=
+econd?&quot;), or something that is very centralized in practice, and likel=
+y both.<br><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 =
+0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div c=
+lass=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span><div><br></div><block=
+quote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc=
+ solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div c=
+lass=3D"gmail_quote"><div>And if so, if that is a reason for increase now, =
+won&#39;t it be a reason for an increase later as well? It is my impression=
+ that your answer is yes, that this is why you want to increase the block s=
+ize quickly and significantly, but correct me if I&#39;m wrong. <br></div><=
+/div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>Sure, it might be =
+a reason for an increase later. Here&#39;s my message to in-the-future Bitc=
+oin engineers: =C2=A0you should consider raising the maximum block size if =
+needed and you think the benefits of doing so (like increased adoption or l=
+ower transaction fees or increased reliability) outweigh the costs (like hi=
+gher operating costs for full-nodes or the disruption caused by ANY consens=
+us rule change).</div></div></div></div></blockquote><br></div><div class=
+=3D"gmail_quote">In general that sounds reasonable, but it&#39;s a dangerou=
+s precedent to make technical decisions based on a fear of change of econom=
+ics...<br><br>-- <br></div><div class=3D"gmail_quote">Pieter<br><br></div><=
+/div></div>
+<br></div></div>_______________________________________________<br>
+bitcoin-dev mailing list<br>
+<a href=3D"mailto:bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org" target=3D"_blank">=
+bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org</a><br>
+<a href=3D"https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/bitcoin-dev" =
+rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mail=
+man/listinfo/bitcoin-dev</a><br>
+<br></blockquote></div>
+<br>_______________________________________________<br>
+bitcoin-dev mailing list<br>
+<a href=3D"mailto:bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org" target=3D"_blank">=
+bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org</a><br>
+<a href=3D"https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mailman/listinfo/bitcoin-dev" =
+rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://lists.linuxfoundation.org/mail=
+man/listinfo/bitcoin-dev</a><br>
+<br></blockquote></div><br></div>
+</blockquote></div>
+</blockquote></div>
+</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>
+</blockquote></div>
+
+--001a113ce1b43b4327051cbe5356--
+