Organoids

Organoid cryopreservation

• Cryopreservation of human cortical organoids using vitrification
• Functional recovery of the adult murine hippocampus after cryopreservation by vitrification

Retinal organoids

• Optogenetic activation of vascularized human retinal organoids (2024)
• Retinal organoids from pluripotent stem cells efficiently recapitulate retinogenesis

See biosight for more information.

Olfactory organoids

TODO: combine both taste (GPCR + ion channel receptors) and also olfaction into a single organoid; is there good reason to not do this?

Consider the olfactory perception enhancements from ?genetic-modifications.

auditory organoids

engineered hair cells

bat, dolphin, mouse, human.

Cortical organoids and cerebral organoids, xenotransplantation of

Previous studies have shown human neural stem cells incorporate into mouse brain and even produce a learning enhancement effect. In contrast the following studies are larger cell aggregations that are then integrated into mouse or rat brain, rather than free-floating cells.

• Maturation and circuit integration of transplanted human cortical organoids
• Structural and functional integration of human forebrain organoids with the injured adult rat visual system
• Human cerebral organoids establish subcortical projections in the mouse brain after transplantation

Maybe patient-derived organoids could be an interesting option here for intelligence enhancement?

Other

Harnessing synthetic biology to engineer organoids and tissues this has a good overview of prospective techniques for programmable developmental biology, cell-cell adhesion, multi-state genetic circuits to control morphology, optogenetic chimeric receptors, synNotch receptor system, synthetic diffusive morphogen system using a synthetic receptor "such as MESA", synthetic cell-cell adhesion molecules, multi-fate synthetic circuits, juxtacrine signaling, diffusible morphogens, differential cell adhesion, etc.

Patterning of brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells

Cerebral organoids at the air-liquid interface generate diverse nerve tracts with functional output (2018)

See also morphogenesis for patterned control of organoid development.

see also bioprinting