* Adsorption
* Centrifugation and Cyclones - density differences
* Chromatography involves the separation of different dissolved substances as they travel through a material. The dissolved substances are separated based on their interaction with the stationary phase.
* Crystallization
* Decantation
* Demister (Vapor) - removing liquid droplets from gas streams
* Distillation - used for mixtures of liquids with different boiling points, or for a solid dissolved in a liquid.
* Drying - removing liquid from a solid by vaporising it
* Electrophoresis Organic molecules, such as protein are placed in a gel. A voltage is applied and the molecules move through the gel because they are charged. The gel restricts the motion so that different proteins will make different amounts of progress in any given time.
* Elutriation
* Evaporation
* Extraction
**  Leaching
**  Liquid-liquid extraction
**  Solid phase extraction
* Flotation
**  Dissolved air flotation - suspended solids are non-selectively removed from slurry by bubbles that are generated by air coming out of solution
**  Froth flotation - valuable, hydrophobic solids are attached to air bubbles generated in the flotation machine by mechanical agitation of an air-slurry mixture, float, and are recovered
**  Deinking - hydrophobic ink particles are separated from hydrophilic paper pulp in paper recycling
* Flocculation - density differences utilization a flocculant such as soap or detergent
* Filtration. Mesh, bag and paper filters are used to remove large particulates suspended in fluids, eg. fly ash, while membrane processes including microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, dialysis (biochemistry) utilising synthetic membranes can separate micrometre-sized or smaller species.
* Fractional distillation
* Fractional freezing
* Oil-water separation - gravimetric separator used to remove suspended oil droplets from wastewaters in oil refineries, petrochemical and chemical plants, natural gas processing plants and similar industries.
* Magnetic Separation
* Precipitation
* Recrystallization
* Sedimentation - density differences
**  Gravity separation
* Sieving
* Stripping
* Sublimation
* Vapor-liquid separation - designed by using the Souders-Brown equation.
* Winnowing
* Zone refining