Directed evolution of proteins in vitro using compartmentalization in emulsions Directed evolution of streptavidin variants using in vitro compartmentalization Light-induced blockage of cell division with a chromatin-targeted phototoxic fluorescent protein The Rapid Emergence of Bio-Electronic Novelty, Neuronal Architectures, and Organismal Performance A Review: Production of Monoclonal Antibody (2013) Ancient biomolecules: Their origins, fossilization, and role in revealing the history of life Selections Involving Aminoacyl–Transfer RNA Synthetase–Mediated Genetic Code Reprogramming Engineering spatial gradients of signaling proteins using magnetic nanoparticles Optimized production of transgenic buffalo embryos and offspring by cytoplasmic zygote injection Evolutionary origins and engineering applications of bacterial DNA secretion machinery Light microscopy of whole plant organs Long shelf-life streptavidin support-films suitable for electron microscopy of biological macromolecules Single-molecule RNA detection at depth via hybridization chain reaction and tissue hydrogel embedding and clearing Extracting structural and functional features of widely distributed biological circuits with single cell resolution via tissue clearing and delivery vectors Highly multiplexed subcellular rna sequencing in situ In situ localized amplification and contact replication of many individual dna molecules Optical tools to investigate cellular activity in the intestinal wall Conjugation approaches for construction of aptamer-modified nanoparticles for application in imaging Outlook for aptamers after twenty five years A Quarter Century of In Vitro Selection In vitro selection of metal ion-selective DNAzymes pH-triggered switchable Mg2+-dependent DNAzymes Turning the 10–23 DNAzyme On and Off with Light Allosteric control of a DNA-hydrolyzing deoxyribozyme with short oligonucleotides and its application in DNA logic gates Fluorescent RNA labeling using self-alkylating ribozymes Nucleoapzymes: hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme–aptamer binding site conjugates with superior enzyme-like catalytic functions Rational design of supramolecular hemin/G-quadruplex–dopamine aptamer nucleoapzyme systems with superior catalytic performance Engineering DNA aptamers and DNA enzymes with fluorescence-signaling properties Efficient One‐Step Synthesis of Biologically Related Lariat RNAs by a Deoxyribozyme Conversion of a ribozyme to a deoxyribozyme through in vitro evolution Artificial functional nucleic acids: Aptamers, ribozymes, and deoxyribozymes identified by in vitro selection Template-mediated synthesis of lariat RNA and DNA A deoxyribozyme that synthesizes 2′, 5′-branched RNA with any branch-site nucleotide A novel approach to the synthesis of DNA and RNA lariats DNA oligonucleotide 3′-phosphorylation by a DNA enzyme A Generalizable DNA-Catalyzed Approach to Peptide-Nucleic Acid Conjugation A Versatile Endoribonuclease Mimic Made of DNA: Characteristics and Applications of the 8–17 RNA‐Cleaving DNAzyme Small, highly active DNAs that hydrolyze DNA Development of aptamer technologies for the detection of dopamine and other biological molecules Increasing the chemical functionality of DNA enzymes Generation of Oligonucleotides Under Hydrothermal Conditions by Non-enzymatic Polymerization Directed evolution of the substrate specificity of biotin ligase Learning from directed evolution: Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase mutants with translesion synthesis activity New Nonnucleoside Substrates for Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase: Synthesis and Dependence of Substrate Properties on Structure Synthesis and Site-Specific Incorporation of Red-Shifted Azobenzene Amino Acids into Proteins Photosensitive GFP mutants containing an azobenzene unnatural amino acid Rewiring Multidomain Protein Switches: Transforming a Fluorescent Zn2+ Sensor into a Light-Responsive Zn2+ Binding Protein Bidirectional photocontrol of peptide conformation with a bridged azobenzene derivative Reversible Photocontrol of Biological Systems by the Incorporation of Molecular Photoswitches A red-shifted, fast-relaxing azobenzene photoswitch for visible light control of an ionotropic glutamate receptor In vitro selection of a photo-responsive peptide aptamer using ribosome display Phage selection of photoswitchable peptide ligands Red-shifting azobenzene photoswitches for in vivo use Photomodulating RNA cleavage using photolabile circular antisense oligodeoxynucleotides Design and development of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors to monitor intracellular chemical and physical parameters Photocleavable biotin derivatives: a versatile approach for the isolation of biomolecules Frontiers in Nanoscale Electrochemical Imaging: Faster, Multifunctional and Ultrasensitive A Synthetic Erectile Optogenetic Stimulator Enabling Blue-Light-Inducible Penile Erection A synthetic cGMP-sensitive gene switch providing Viagra®-controlled gene expression in mammalian cells and mice Synthetic dual-input mammalian genetic circuits enable tunable and stringent transcription control by chemical and light Single neuron transcriptome analysis can reveal more than cell type classification Photoinduced Chemistry in Fluorescent Proteins: Curse or Blessing? Extracting structural and functional features of widely distributed biological circuits with single cell resolution via tissue clearing and delivery vectors Free‐of‐acrylamide SDS‐based Tissue Clearing (FASTClear): A novel protocol of tissue clearing for three‐dimensional visualisation of human brain tissues In situ formation of an azo bridge on proteins controllable by visible light Synthesis and Site-Specific Incorporation of Red-Shifted Azobenzene Amino Acids into Proteins Photosensitive GFP mutants containing an azobenzene unnatural amino acid Synthetic recombinase-based state machines in living cells Engineering a Bacterial Tape Recorder Selection platforms for directed evolution in synthetic biology Parallel In Vivo DNA Assembly by Recombination: Experimental Demonstration and Theoretical Approaches One-pot DNA construction for synthetic biology: the Modular Overlap-Directed Assembly with Linkers (MODAL) strategy Cell encapsulation via microtechnologies Theoretical Analysis of Electron Transfer in Proteins: From Simple Proteins to Complex Machineries In vitro evolution of α-hemolysin using a liposome display Foreign DNA introduced into the vas deferens is gained by mammalian spermatozoa Direct injection of foreign DNA into mouse testis as a possible in vivo gene transfer system via epididymal spermatozoa DNAH6 is a novel candidate gene associated with sperm head anomaly Ovarian Germline Stem Cells: An Unlimited Source of Oocytes? In vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into ovarian follicle-like cells Fluorescence-and magnetic-activated cell sorting strategies to isolate and enrich human spermatogonial stem cells