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                            <td><p><span class="headNavBlueXLarge2">
                                                            
                                Collection efficiency of ultrafine particles by an electrostaticprecipitator under DC and pulse operating modes</span></p>
                                
                            
                                <p> <span class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(zukeran%20%20a.<IN>au)&valnm=Zukeran%2C+A.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">Zukeran, A.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20looy%20%20p.%20c.<IN>au)&valnm=+Looy%2C+P.C.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Looy, P.C.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20chakrabarti%20%20a.<IN>au)&valnm=+Chakrabarti%2C+A.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Chakrabarti, A.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20berezin%20%20a.%20a.<IN>au)&valnm=+Berezin%2C+A.A.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Berezin, A.A.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20jayaram%20%20s.<IN>au)&valnm=+Jayaram%2C+S.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Jayaram, S.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20cross%20%20j.%20d.<IN>au)&valnm=+Cross%2C+J.D.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Cross, J.D.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20ito%20%20t.<IN>au)&valnm=+ITo%2C+T.&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> ITo, T.</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                    <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(%20jen%20shih%20chang<IN>au)&valnm=+Jen-Shih+Chang&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy"> Jen-Shih Chang</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                
                                <br>Dept. of Electr. &amp; Electron. Eng., Musashi Inst. of Technol., Tokyo;</span></p>
                            
                            
                              <p class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">
                              
                              
                              This paper appears in: <a href="/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=28"><strong>Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on</strong></a><br>
                              
                              
                                Publication Date: Sep/Oct 1999<br>
                              
                                Volume: 35,&nbsp;
                              
                                <a href="/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=17214&isYear=1999">Issue: 5</a><br>
                              
                               
                                On page(s): 1184-1191<br>
                               
                              
                              
                              
                                ISSN: 0093-9994<br>
                              
                                References Cited: 27<br>
                               
                                CODEN: ITIACR<br>
                               
                                INSPEC Accession Number: 6379175<br>
                              
                                Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/28.793383<br>
                              
                              <!--Start 2.5.3 code-->
                              
                                 Current Version Published: 2002-08-06<br>
                                
                              
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                            <td class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced"><span class="sectionHeaders">Abstract</span><br>
                            High particle collection efficiency in terms of particle
weight/volume mg/m<sup>3</sup> is achieved by a conventional
electrostatic precipitator (ESP). However, the collection efficiencies
in terms of number density for the ultrafine (particle size between
0.01-0.1 &mu;m) or submicrometer particles by a conventional ESP are
still relatively low. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the
collection efficiency for ultrafine particles. In this paper, attempts
have been made to improve the ultrafine particle collection efficiency
by controlling dust loading, as well as using the short pulse
energizations. The present version of the ESP consists of three sets of
wire-plate-type electrodes. For the ESP under DC operation modes,
experimental results show that the collection efficiency for DC applied
voltage decreases with increasing dust loading when particle density is
larger than 2.5&times;10<sup>10</sup> particles/m<sup>3</sup> due to
inefficient collections of ultrafine particles. However, under pulse
operating modes without DC bias, high particle collection efficiency for
ultrafine particles was obtained, which is thought to be due to the
enhancement of particle charging by electrons

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                            <td class="bodyCopyGreySpaced"><p class="sectionHeaders">Index Terms<br>
                                <span class="sectionHeadersBlue">Inspec</span></p></td>
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                            <td class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced"><blockquote>
                                <p><strong>Controlled Indexing</strong><br>
                                
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(electrodes<in>de)&valnm=electrodes&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">electrodes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(electrostatic%20precipitators<in>de)&valnm=electrostatic+precipitators&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">electrostatic precipitators</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                
                                  </p>
                                  <p><strong>Non-controlled Indexing</strong> <br>
                                
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(dc%20operating%20mode<in>de)&valnm=DC+operating+mode&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">DC operating mode</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(collection%20efficiency<in>de)&valnm=collection+efficiency&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">collection efficiency</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(dust%20loading%20control<in>de)&valnm=dust+loading+control&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">dust loading control</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(electrons<in>de)&valnm=electrons&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">electrons</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(electrostatic%20precipitator<in>de)&valnm=electrostatic+precipitator&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">electrostatic precipitator</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(increasing%20dust%20loading<in>de)&valnm=increasing+dust+loading&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">increasing dust loading</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(number%20density<in>de)&valnm=number+density&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">number density</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(particle%20charging<in>de)&valnm=particle+charging&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">particle charging</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(particle%20density<in>de)&valnm=particle+density&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">particle density</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(pulse%20operating%20mode<in>de)&valnm=pulse+operating+mode&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">pulse operating mode</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(pulse%20operating%20modes<in>de)&valnm=pulse+operating+modes&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">pulse operating modes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(short%20pulse%20energization<in>de)&valnm=short+pulse+energization&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">short pulse energization</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(submicrometer%20particles<in>de)&valnm=submicrometer+particles&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">submicrometer particles</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(ultrafine%20particle%20collection%20efficiency<in>de)&valnm=ultrafine+particle+collection+efficiency&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">ultrafine particle collection efficiency</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(ultrafine%20particles<in>de)&valnm=ultrafine+particles&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">ultrafine particles</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                        <a href="/search/searchresult.jsp?disp=cit&queryText=(wire%20plate%20type%20electrodes<in>de)&valnm=wire-plate-type+electrodes&reqloc =others&history=yes" class="bodyCopy">wire-plate-type electrodes</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;
                                    
                                
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                <td class="bodyCopyBlack"><span class="sectionHeaders"><strong>References</strong></span></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">1</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">S. Masuda and S. Hosokawa,  &ldquo;Electrostatic precipitation,&rdquo; <i>Handbook of Electrostatic Processes</i>, J. S. Chang, A. J. Kelly, and J. M. Crowley, Ed. , New York: Marcel Dekker, ch. 21, pp. 441-480, 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Electrostatic+precipitation&Volume=&issue=&page=441-480&authors=S.+Masuda+and+S.+Hosokawa%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=Handbook+of+Electrostatic+Processes&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">2</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">N. Isahaya,  &ldquo;\&ldquo;Development on electrostatic pre-coagulator combined with after-cyclone dust collector,&rdquo; <i>J. Hitachi-Hyoron</i>, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 1157-1160, 1967.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=%5C%26ldquo%3BDevelopment+on+electrostatic+pre-coagulator+combined+with+after-cyclone+dust+collector&Volume=49&issue=11&page=1157-1160&authors=N.+Isahaya%2C&Year=1967&JournalBook=J.+Hitachi-Hyoron&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">3</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">T. Misaka,  &ldquo;Recent electrostatic precipitator technology,&rdquo; <i>Proc. IESJ96-1-4 Conf.</i>, pp. 25-34, 1996.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Recent+electrostatic+precipitator+technology&Volume=&issue=&page=25-34&authors=T.+Misaka%2C&Year=1996&JournalBook=Proc.+IESJ96-1-4+Conf.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">4</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">T. Yagyu, Y. Tsuchiya, S. Onishi, and H. Katayama,  &ldquo;Recent electrostatic precipitation technology,&rdquo; <i>J. Mitsubishi-Juko-Giho</i>, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 70-73, 1996.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Recent+electrostatic+precipitation+technology&Volume=35&issue=1&page=70-73&authors=T.+Yagyu%2C+Y.+Tsuchiya%2C+S.+Onishi%2C+and+H.+Katayama%2C&Year=1996&JournalBook=J.+Mitsubishi-Juko-Giho&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">5</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">S. Yokawa, T. Shibata, and K. Nagakura,  &ldquo;Wet type electrostatic precipitator for iron and steel industries,&rdquo; <i>Proc. Inst. Electrostatics Jpn.</i>, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 404-409, 1994.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Wet+type+electrostatic+precipitator+for+iron+and+steel+industries&Volume=18&issue=5&page=404-409&authors=S.+Yokawa%2C+T.+Shibata%2C+and+K.+Nagakura%2C&Year=1994&JournalBook=Proc.+Inst.+Electrostatics+Jpn.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">6</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">T. Ito, T. Kubota, A. Zukeran, T. Takashi, K. Shinkai, M. Miyamoto, and T. Yoshimochi,  &ldquo;Collection characteristics of submicron particles on electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>J. Inst. Elect. Install. Eng. Jpn.</i>, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 113-120, 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Collection+characteristics+of+submicron+particles+on+electrostatic+precipitator&Volume=15&issue=2&page=113-120&authors=T.+Ito%2C+T.+Kubota%2C+A.+Zukeran%2C+T.+Takashi%2C+K.+Shinkai%2C+M.+Miyamoto%2C+and+T.+Yoshimochi%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=J.+Inst.+Elect.+Install.+Eng.+Jpn.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">7</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">A. Zukeran, T. Ito, T. Takahashi, and H. Kawakami,  &ldquo;Effect of water on agglomeration and collection efficiency in electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>J. Inst. Elect. Install. Eng. Jpn.</i>, vol. 16, no. 12, pp. 1288-1296, 1996.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Effect+of+water+on+agglomeration+and+collection+efficiency+in+electrostatic+precipitator&Volume=16&issue=12&page=1288-1296&authors=A.+Zukeran%2C+T.+Ito%2C+T.+Takahashi%2C+and+H.+Kawakami%2C&Year=1996&JournalBook=J.+Inst.+Elect.+Install.+Eng.+Jpn.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">8</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">C. Riehle and F. Loffler,  &ldquo;The effective migration rate in electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>Aerosol Sci. Technol.</i>, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1-14, 1992.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=The+effective+migration+rate+in+electrostatic+precipitator&Volume=16&issue=1&page=1-14&authors=C.+Riehle+and+F.+Loffler%2C&Year=1992&JournalBook=Aerosol+Sci.+Technol.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">9</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">M. Raphael, S. Rohani, and F. Soslski,  &ldquo;Isoelectric precipitation of sunflower protein in a tubular precipitator,&rdquo; <i>Can. J. Chem. Eng.</i>, vol. 73, pp. 470-483, Aug. 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Isoelectric+precipitation+of+sunflower+protein+in+a+tubular+precipitator&Volume=73&issue=&page=470-483&authors=M.+Raphael%2C+S.+Rohani%2C+and+F.+Soslski%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=Can.+J.+Chem.+Eng.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. S. Chang, H. Thompson, P. C. Looy, A. A. Berezin, A. Zukeran, T. Ito, S. Jayaram, and J. D. Cross,  &ldquo;Control of trace elements in combustion flue gas by a corona discharge activated conditioning agent and electrostatic precipitators,&rdquo; <i>Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electrostatic Precipitators</i>, I. Berta, Ed.  Budapest, Hungary: Tech. Univ. Budapest Press, pp. 2-7, 1997.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Control+of+trace+elements+in+combustion+flue+gas+by+a+corona+discharge+activated+conditioning+agent+and+electrostatic+precipitators&Volume=&issue=&page=2-7&authors=J.+S.+Chang%2C+H.+Thompson%2C+P.+C.+Looy%2C+A.+A.+Berezin%2C+A.+Zukeran%2C+T.+Ito%2C+S.+Jayaram%2C+and+J.+D.+Cross%2C&Year=1997&JournalBook=Proceedings+of+the+6th+International+Conference+on+Electrostatic+Precipitators&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">11</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">A. Zukeran, J. S. Chang, A. A. Berezin, and T. Ito,  &ldquo;Control of ultrafine particles from incense smoke by an air cleaning electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>J. Aerosol Sci.</i>, vol. 28, suppl. 1, pp. S289-S290, 1997.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Control+of+ultrafine+particles+from+incense+smoke+by+an+air+cleaning+electrostatic+precipitator&Volume=28%2C+suppl.+1&issue=&page=S289-S290&authors=A.+Zukeran%2C+J.+S.+Chang%2C+A.+A.+Berezin%2C+and+T.+Ito%2C&Year=1997&JournalBook=J.+Aerosol+Sci.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">12</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. S. Chang,  &ldquo;Electrostatic charging of particles,&rdquo; <i>Handbook of Electrostatic Processes</i>, J. S. Chang, A. J. Kelly, and J. M. Crowley, Ed. , New York: Marcel Dekker, ch. 3, pp. 39-50, 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Electrostatic+charging+of+particles&Volume=&issue=&page=39-50&authors=J.+S.+Chang%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=Handbook+of+Electrostatic+Processes&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">P. A. Lawless, T. Yamamoto, and Y. Otani,  &ldquo;Modeling of electrostatic precipitators and filters,&rdquo; <i>Handbook of Electrostatic Processes</i>, J. S. Chang, A. J. Kelly, and J. M. Crowley, Ed. , New York: Marcel Dekker, ch. 22, pp. 481-508, 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Modeling+of+electrostatic+precipitators+and+filters&Volume=&issue=&page=481-508&authors=P.+A.+Lawless%2C+T.+Yamamoto%2C+and+Y.+Otani%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=Handbook+of+Electrostatic+Processes&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">14</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">S. Cristina and M. Feliaizni,  &ldquo;Calculation of ionized fields in dc electrostatic precipitators in the presence of dust and electric wind,&rdquo; <i>IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.</i>, vol. 31, pp. 1446-1451, Nov./Dec. 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=10141&arnumber=475739&type=ref'>Abstract</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;Full Text: <a href='/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=475739&isnumber=10141'>PDF</a> (504KB)]<br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">15</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">H. Bai, C. Lu, and C. L. Chang,  &ldquo;A model to predict the system performance of an electrostatic precipitator for collecting polydisperse particles,&rdquo; <i>J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.</i>, vol. 45, pp. 908-916, Nov. 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=A+model+to+predict+the+system+performance+of+an+electrostatic+precipitator+for+collecting+polydisperse+particles&Volume=45&issue=&page=908-916&authors=H.+Bai%2C+C.+Lu%2C+and+C.+L.+Chang%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=J.+Air+Waste+Manage.+Assoc.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">16</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. H. Davidson and P. J. McKinney,  &ldquo;EHD flow visualization in the wire-plate and barbed plate electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.</i>, vol. 27, pp. 154-160, Jan./Feb. 1990.<br><a href='/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=2395&arnumber=67547&type=ref'>Abstract</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;Full Text: <a href='/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=67547&isnumber=2395'>PDF</a> (568KB)]<br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">17</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">L. Enliang, W. Yingmin, and J. A. Raper,  &ldquo;Study of gas velocity distribution in electrostatic precipitator,&rdquo; <i>Aerosol Sci. Technol.</i>, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 947-952, 1990.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Study+of+gas+velocity+distribution+in+electrostatic+precipitator&Volume=12&issue=4&page=947-952&authors=L.+Enliang%2C+W.+Yingmin%2C+and+J.+A.+Raper%2C&Year=1990&JournalBook=Aerosol+Sci.+Technol.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. Somers, P. Caperan, J. Magill, K. Richter, S. Fourcaudot, P. Barranx, P. Lajarge, A. Rier, E. Franco De Sarabia, and N. Seyfert,  &ldquo;Verbesserung der Effektivetaet von elektrostatischen Abscheidern mittels Akustischer aerosol-Vorbehandlund,&rdquo; <i>Staub Reinhalt Luft</i>, vol. 54, no. 12, pp. 451-454, 1994.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Verbesserung+der+Effektivetaet+von+elektrostatischen+Abscheidern+mittels+Akustischer+aerosol-Vorbehandlund&Volume=54&issue=12&page=451-454&authors=J.+Somers%2C+P.+Caperan%2C+J.+Magill%2C+K.+Richter%2C+S.+Fourcaudot%2C+P.+Barranx%2C+P.+Lajarge%2C+A.+Rier%2C+E.+Franco+De+Sarabia%2C+and+N.+Seyfert%2C&Year=1994&JournalBook=Staub+Reinhalt+Luft&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">19</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. Silc and M. Tuma,  &ldquo;The influence of ultrasound on the agglomeration of fly-ash in exhaust,&rdquo; <i>Staub Reinhalt Luft</i>, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 183-185, 1994.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=The+influence+of+ultrasound+on+the+agglomeration+of+fly-ash+in+exhaust&Volume=54&issue=5&page=183-185&authors=J.+Silc+and+M.+Tuma%2C&Year=1994&JournalBook=Staub+Reinhalt+Luft&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">H. Aoyoma, J. S. Chang, T. Nakane, and K. Seya,  &ldquo;Effects of high intensity ultrasonics on the performance of electrostatic precipitators,&rdquo; <i>Proc. Japanese Sound Soc. 1993 Meeting</i>, pp. 1065-1066, 1993.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Effects+of+high+intensity+ultrasonics+on+the+performance+of+electrostatic+precipitators&Volume=&issue=&page=1065-1066&authors=H.+Aoyoma%2C+J.+S.+Chang%2C+T.+Nakane%2C+and+K.+Seya%2C&Year=1993&JournalBook=Proc.+Japanese+Sound+Soc.+1993+Meeting&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">T. Watanabe, F. Tochikubo, Y. Koizumi, T. Tsuchida, J. Hautanen, and E. I. Kauppinen,  &ldquo;Submicron particle agglomeration by an electrostatic agglomeration,&rdquo; <i>J. Electrostatics</i>, vol. 34, pp. 367-383, May 1995.<br><A HREF='http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/10.1016/0304-3886(95)93833-5' target=_blank>[CrossRef]</A>&nbsp;<a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Submicron+particle+agglomeration+by+an+electrostatic+agglomeration&Volume=34&issue=&page=367-383&authors=T.+Watanabe%2C+F.+Tochikubo%2C+Y.+Koizumi%2C+T.+Tsuchida%2C+J.+Hautanen%2C+and+E.+I.+Kauppinen%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=J.+Electrostatics&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. Kildeso, V. K. Bhatia, L. Lind, E. Johnson, and A. Johansen,  &ldquo;An experimental investigation for agglomeration of aerosol in alternating electric fields,&rdquo; <i>Aerosol Sci. Technol.</i>, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 603-610, 1995.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=An+experimental+investigation+for+agglomeration+of+aerosol+in+alternating+electric+fields&Volume=23&issue=4&page=603-610&authors=J.+Kildeso%2C+V.+K.+Bhatia%2C+L.+Lind%2C+E.+Johnson%2C+and+A.+Johansen%2C&Year=1995&JournalBook=Aerosol+Sci.+Technol.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">23</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">A. Teller and J. Qimby,  &ldquo;Mercury removal from incineration flue gas,&rdquo; <i>Proc. 84th Air and Waste Soc. Meeting</i>, 1991.<br><a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Mercury+removal+from+incineration+flue+gas&Volume=&issue=&page=&authors=A.+Teller+and+J.+Qimby%2C&Year=1991&JournalBook=Proc.+84th+Air+and+Waste+Soc.+Meeting&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="18" valign="top" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">24</td>
                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J. S. Chang,  &ldquo;Theory of aerosol particle thermal deposition on an arbitrarily shaped body,&rdquo; <i>J. Aerosol Sci.</i>, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 423-425, 1986.<br><A HREF='http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/10.1016/0021-8502(86)90121-7' target=_blank>[CrossRef]</A>&nbsp;<a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Theory+of+aerosol+particle+thermal+deposition+on+an+arbitrarily+shaped+body&Volume=17&issue=3&page=423-425&authors=J.+S.+Chang%2C&Year=1986&JournalBook=J.+Aerosol+Sci.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">J.-S. Chang, K. Jogan, C. A. McLinden, P. C. Looy, and A. A. Berezin,  &ldquo;Unipolar charging of high resistive fly ash particles by a quadrupole cold,&rdquo; <i>J. Aerosol Sci.</i>, vol. 23, suppl. 1, pp. S787-S790, 1992.<br><A HREF='http://dx.doi.org.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/10.1016/0021-8502(92)90529-5' target=_blank>[CrossRef]</A>&nbsp;<a href='/xpls/askIeee.jsp?Doctitle=Unipolar+charging+of+high+resistive+fly+ash+particles+by+a+quadrupole+cold&Volume=23%2C+suppl.+1&issue=&page=S787-S790&authors=J.-S.+Chang%2C+K.+Jogan%2C+C.+A.+McLinden%2C+P.+C.+Looy%2C+and+A.+A.+Berezin%2C&Year=1992&JournalBook=J.+Aerosol+Sci.&displayID=15601' target=_blank>[Buy Via Ask*IEEE]</a><br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">S. Jayaram, G. S. P. Castle, J. S. Chang, A. A. Berezin, P. C. Looy, R. Mangal, and M. S. Mozes,  &ldquo;Semipilot plant pulse energized cold-precharger electrostatic precipitator test for collection of moderately high resistivity fly ash particles,&rdquo; <i>IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.</i>, vol. 32, pp. 844-850, July/Aug. 1996.<br><a href='/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=11125&arnumber=511641&type=ref'>Abstract</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;Full Text: <a href='/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=511641&isnumber=11125'>PDF</a> (804KB)]<br></td>
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                    <td width="526" class="bodyCopyBlackLargeSpaced">G. Dinelli, V. Bogani, and M. Rea,  &ldquo;Enhanced precipitation efficiency of electrostatic precipitators by means of impulse energization,&rdquo; <i>IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat.</i>, vol. 27, pp. 323-330, Mar./Apr. 1991.<br><a href='/xpls/abs_all.jsp?isnumber=2477&arnumber=73620&type=ref'>Abstract</a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;Full Text: <a href='/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=73620&isnumber=2477'>PDF</a> (684KB)]<br></td>
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                        Mercury and other trace elements removal characteristics of DC and
pulse-energized electrostatic precipitator,&nbsp;Xinghua Liang; Looy, P.C.; Jayaram, S.; Berezin, A.A.; Mozes, M.S.; Jen-Shih Chang<br>
                        <i>Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on</i><br>
                        On page(s): 69-76,&nbsp;Volume: 38, Issue: 1, Jan/Feb 2002<br>
                        
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