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From: Zheming Lin <heater@gmail.com>
In-Reply-To: <A6AE8145-8C8A-44C2-88D3-8574D895AF6B@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 13 Jun 2017 16:24:41 +0800
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Message-Id: <E84B5CB9-7288-4773-A9CA-E36072F4953B@gmail.com>
References: <A6AE8145-8C8A-44C2-88D3-8574D895AF6B@gmail.com>
To: bitcoin-dev@lists.linuxfoundation.org
Subject: Re: [bitcoin-dev] Proposal: Demonstration of Phase in Full Network
 Upgrade Activated by Miners
Precedence: list

Hi all the developers:

I must clarify that despite the general ideas comes from discussions =
with others. The opinion in replies are only limited to my self.

The old TXs can be re-enable after the fourth stage and just like =
**nothing happened** with the grace periods. The code can be provided =
with the protocol upgrade voting. At the end of the vote, either success =
or failed, we can have old TXs work again. It=A1=AFs like after a long =
time that the block jammed. I think nobody get harmed (Is there? I=A1=AFm =
not so sure about that), that=A1=AFs the purpose.

Thank you for your time and kindly replies. Your opinions are more than =
welcome.

LIN Zheming

> =D4=DA 2017=C4=EA6=D4=C213=C8=D5=A3=AC10:23=A3=ACZheming Lin =
<heater@gmail.com> =D0=B4=B5=C0=A3=BA
>=20
> The BIP is described using Chinese and English. If any part is missing =
or need more specific, please reply. Forgive for my poor English.
>=20
> This method will incorporate any upgrade that affects non-mining =
nodes. They should beware that the rule has been changed.
>=20
> TLDR: Major miners activate and orphan the minor. That ensures all =
miners upgrades. Then invalid the tx from not upgrading nodes. Nodes =
must upgrade (with other protocol upgrade codes) in order to work. Then =
the final miner vote over protocol upgrade, with all nodes has the same =
upgraded codes.
>=20
> <pre>
> BIP: ???
> Title: Demonstration of Phase in Full Network Upgrade Activated by =
Miners
> Author: LIN Zheming
> Status: Draft
> Type: Standards Track
> Created: 2017-06-12
> </pre>
>=20
> =3D=3DSummary=3D=3D
>=20
> =B1=BE=B7=BD=B7=A8=B2=A2=B2=BB=CA=C7=C0=B4=D4=B4=D3=DA=B8=F6=C8=CB=A3=AC=
=B6=F8=CA=C7=D6=D0=CE=C4=B1=C8=CC=D8=B1=D2=C9=E7=C7=F8=D6=D0=BC=AF=CC=E5=D6=
=C7=BB=DB=B5=C4=BD=E1=B9=FB=A1=A3<br/>
> This idea was not created by an individual but is a product of =
collaboration in the Chinese bitcoin community between different =
interest groups.<br/>
>=20
> =
=D5=E2=CA=C7=D2=BB=D6=D6=D4=DA=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=CA=B1=A3=AC=B6=D4=C8=
=AB=CD=F8=CD=DA=BF=F3=BA=CD=B7=C7=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=F8=D0=D0=B1=A3=
=BB=A4=BA=CD=BC=A4=C0=F8=B5=C4=B7=BD=B7=A8=A3=AC=B1=DC=C3=E2=B2=BB=B2=CE=D3=
=EB=CD=DA=BF=F3=B5=C4=BD=DA=B5=E3=C3=BB=D3=D0=C9=FD=BC=B6=B5=C4=B6=AF=C1=A6=
=B6=F8=CA=DC=B5=BD=CB=F0=CA=A7=A1=A3<br/>
> This method is put forth to incentivize and to protect mining nodes =
and non-mining nodes during protocol upgrading. With this incentive =
mechanism, the non-mining nodes will not suffer monetary loss from chain =
splitting.<br/>
>=20
> =
=B7=A2=D0=C5=BA=C5=B5=C4=B6=E0=CA=FD=BF=F3=B9=A4=D4=DA=B4=EF=B5=BD=BC=A4=BB=
=EE=CC=F5=BC=FE=BA=F3=B5=DA=D2=BB=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=A3=A8=D2=BB=B8=F6=
=C4=D1=B6=C8=D6=DC=C6=DA=A3=A9=BA=F3=C9=E8=D6=C3=D0=C2=C7=F8=BF=E9=B0=E6=B1=
=BE=BA=C5=A3=AC=B9=C2=C1=A2=CE=B4=C9=FD=BC=B6=BF=F3=B9=A4=B5=C4=B5=CD=B0=E6=
=B1=BE=BA=C5=B5=C4=BF=E9=A1=A3=CD=A8=B9=FD=D7=EE=B3=F5=B5=C4=D6=D0=B1=BE=B4=
=CF=B9=B2=CA=B6=A3=AC=D4=DA=B5=DA=D2=BB=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=BD=E1=CA=F8=
=BA=F3=A3=AC=CB=F9=D3=D0=BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=AB=C9=FD=BC=B6=D6=C1=D7=EE=D0=C2=B0=
=E6=B1=BE=BB=F2=CA=B9=D3=C3=D7=EE=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=A1=A3=D4=DA=B5=DA=B6=FE=
=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=A3=A8=D2=BB=B8=F6=C4=D1=B6=C8=D6=DC=C6=DA=A3=A9=BA=
=F3=A3=AC=BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=AB=BD=F6=BD=D3=CA=DC=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=B5=C4=BD=BB=
=D2=D7=A3=AC=CE=B4=C9=FD=BC=B6=B5=C4=BF=CD=BB=A7=B6=CB=B7=A2=CB=CD=B5=C4=BE=
=C9=B0=E6=B1=BE=BD=BB=D2=D7=BD=AB=CE=DE=B7=A8=B5=C3=B5=BD=D0=C2=BD=DA=B5=E3=
=B5=C4=D7=AA=B2=A5=D2=B2=CE=DE=B7=A8=BD=F8=C8=EB=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=C7=F8=BF=
=E9=A1=A3=D5=E2=BD=AB=D4=DA=B1=A3=BB=A4=D3=C3=BB=A7=D7=CA=B2=FA=B5=C4=CD=AC=
=CA=B1=A3=AC=CC=E1=D0=D1=B2=BB=CD=DA=BF=F3=B5=C4=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=
=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3=B2=A2=D4=DA=C9=FD=BC=B6=B4=FA=C2=EB=D6=D0=BC=D3=C8=EB=B6=D4=
=D0=AD=D2=E9=BD=F8=D0=D0=B8=C4=B6=AF=B5=C4=B2=BF=B7=D6=A1=A3=C7=AE=B0=FC=C9=
=FD=BC=B6=BA=F3=BD=AB=D3=C9=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=CD=B6=C6=B1=CA=B5=CA=A9=
=B8=C3=CF=EE=B8=C4=B6=AF=A3=AC=D2=D4=B4=EF=B3=C9=D0=AD=D2=E9=B8=C4=B6=AF=B5=
=C4=B9=E3=B7=BA=B2=BF=CA=F0=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> After the activation condition is met, majority miners will set a new =
block versionbits after the first grace period(a difficulty change of =
2016 blocks). The blocks with lower versionbits will be orphaned. In =
terms of the Nakamoto Consensus, the end of the first grace period will =
force all mining nodes upgraded to signal a new version of consensus. =
After the second grace period ( a difficulty change of 2016 blocks), =
mining nodes will only accept transactions with new versionbits. =
Transactions from nodes not upgrading will not be relayed nor included =
in blocks with new versionbits. This will protect funds of non-mining =
nodes from utilizing replay attack and will function as a notification =
for them to upgrade. Codes dealing with protocol upgrade could be =
included in the upgrade. After the non-mining node upgrades, mining =
nodes will vote to activate the protocol upgrade and this will achieve =
the broad/widespread deployment of the protocol upgrade.<br/>
>=20
> =D4=DA=B8=C3=CF=EE=B8=C4=B6=AF=B9=E3=B7=BA=B2=BF=CA=F0=D6=C1=BF=CD=BB=A7=
=B6=CB=D6=AE=BA=F3=A3=AC=D2=C0=C8=BB=D3=C9=C6=E4=BC=A4=BB=EE=CC=F5=BC=FE=BF=
=D8=D6=C6=A1=A3<br/>
> The protocol upgrade depends on its activate condition independently =
even after the change deployed among nodes.<br/>
>=20
> =3D=3DMotivation=3D=3D
>=20
> =
=BC=F8=D3=DA=D7=EE=B3=F5=B5=C4=B1=C8=CC=D8=B1=D2=D0=AD=D2=E9=B2=A2=CE=B4=BF=
=BC=C2=C7=B2=BB=B2=CE=D3=EB=CD=DA=BF=F3=B5=C4=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=A3=AC=
=B5=BC=D6=C2=D5=E2=D0=A9=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=B5=C4=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=
=B6=CA=C7=B1=BB=B6=AF=B5=C4=A3=AC=C0=C1=B6=E8=B5=C4=A1=A3=B5=B1=D4=DA=C9=FD=
=BC=B6=B7=BD=CF=F2=C9=CF=B3=F6=CF=D6=B7=D6=C6=E7=CA=B1=A3=AC=BF=F3=B9=A4=D2=
=B2=B2=BB=D4=B8=D2=E2=D4=DA=B4=ED=CE=F3=B5=C4=C1=B4=C9=CF=CD=DA=BF=F3=A3=AC=
=B5=AB=BF=F3=B9=A4=D3=D6=C3=BB=D3=D0=C8=CE=BA=CE=B7=BD=B7=A8=BF=C9=D2=D4=C8=
=B7=B1=A3=D5=FD=D4=DA=D1=D3=B3=A4=B5=C4=C1=B4=CA=C7=B1=BB=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=
=B5=E3=B9=E3=B7=BA=BD=D3=CA=DC=B5=C4=C1=B4=A1=A3=D5=E2=BD=AB=D3=B0=CF=EC=C7=
=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=B5=C4=B0=B2=C8=AB=A1=A3<br/>
> In view of the fact that the original Bitcoin consensus did not =
consider the non-mining wallet nodes(as mentioned above), the result is =
that upgrading the consensus of these wallet nodes is passive and lazy. =
When there is disagreement in the direction of the upgrade, the miners =
have no mechanism to ensure that the chain being extended is the chain =
widely accepted by the wallet nodes. This also adversely affects the =
security of the wallet nodes.<br/>
>=20
> =
=CA=B9=D3=C3=B8=C3=B7=BD=B7=A8=BF=C9=D2=D4=D4=DA=B1=A3=D6=A4=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=
=DA=B5=E3=D7=CA=B2=FA=B0=B2=C8=AB=B5=C4=C7=E9=BF=F6=CF=C2=A3=AC=C7=D2=CD=A8=
=B9=FD=D4=F6=BC=D3=BC=A4=C0=F8=C8=C3=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=D0=
=AD=D2=E9=A1=A3=D2=BB=B5=A9=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=D0=AD=D2=E9=
=A3=AC=B1=A3=D6=A4=BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=DA=B5=E3=B2=BB=BD=F6=B9=A4=D7=F7=D4=DA=CB=
=E3=C1=A6=D7=EE=B3=A4=C1=B4=C9=CF=A3=AC=BB=B9=B9=A4=D7=F7=D4=DA=B1=C8=CC=D8=
=B1=D2=C9=FA=CC=AC=BB=B7=BE=B3=D6=D0=C6=E4=CB=FB=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=CB=
=F9=CA=B9=D3=C3=B5=C4=D7=EE=B3=A4=C1=B4=C9=CF=A1=A3=D4=DA=D6=D0=B1=BE=B4=CF=
=B9=B2=CA=B6=CF=C2=B2=BB=BB=E1=B3=F6=CF=D6=B7=D6=B2=E6=A3=AC=D2=D4=CA=B5=CF=
=D6=BD=A5=BD=F8=CA=BD=B5=C4=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> Apart from ensuring the asset security of wallet nodes, this method =
can be used to provide additional incentives to upgrade the protocol for =
the wallet nodes. Once the wallet nodes upgrade their protocol, the =
miners' nodes can be guaranteed to work - not only on the longest chain, =
but also on the longest chain used by other wallet nodes in the broader =
bitcoin sphere. Under the Nakamoto Consensus, there will be no =
persistent forks as protocol upgrades can be phased in.<br/>
>=20
> =3D=3DSpecification=3D=3D
>=20
> 1. =CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=AB=CA=B9=D3=C3 versionbits =
=B0=E6=B1=BE=CE=BB=C0=B4=B6=A8=D2=E5=D6=A7=B3=D6=D0=C5=BA=C5=A1=A3BIP =
=C9=FA=D0=A7=CA=B1=A3=AC=CB=F9=D3=D0=C7=F8=BF=E9=D0=E8=D2=AA=CA=B9=D3=C3=D6=
=C6=B6=A8=B5=C4 nVersion =C0=B4=B7=A2=CB=CD=D0=C5=BA=C5<br/>
> 2. =CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=AB=CA=B9=D3=C3 tx version =
=C0=B4=B6=A8=D2=E5=B5=B1=C7=B0=B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=B0=E6=B1=BE=A1=A3=B5=B1=C7=
=B0=B5=C4 tx version =CA=C7 1=A3=AC=BD=AB=D4=CA=D0=ED tx version =CE=AA =
2 =B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=A3=AC=B2=A2=D4=DA=B5=DA=B6=FE=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=
=D6=AE=BA=F3=A3=AC=CA=B9 tx version =CE=AA 1 =B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=B7=C7=B7=A8=
=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> 1. Mining nodes signal by setting a version bit. While this BIP is =
active, all blocks must set the chosen nVersion.<br/>
> 2. Mining nodes will use tx version to define current version =
transactions. Current tx version is 1, and tx version 2 will be allowed. =
After the second grace period, tx version 1 will be regarded as =
invalid.<br/>
>=20
>=20
> =3D=3DDeployment=3D=3D
> =
=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=A3=AC=BD=AB=B7=D6=B3=C9=C8=FD=B2=BD=D6=F0=B2=BD=CA=
=B5=CA=A9=A1=A3=B2=A2=D3=D0=D2=BB=B8=F6=BF=C9=D1=A1=B5=C4=B5=DA=CB=C4=B2=BD=
=C0=B4=BC=AF=B3=C9=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=B4=FA=C2=EB=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> Protocol upgrading will phase in over three stages. We can have an =
optional fourth stage to integrate codes of protocol upgrade.<br/>
>=20
> 1. =D0=C5=BA=C5=BD=D7=B6=CE=A1=A3=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=CA=B9=D3=C3 =
versionbits =B7=A2=CB=CD=D6=A7=B3=D6=D0=C5=BA=C5=A1=A3=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=
=E3=D4=DA=BC=E0=B2=E2=B5=BD 55% =B5=C4=C7=F8=BF=E9=BC=B4=C7=B0 1109/2016 =
=B8=F6=C7=F8=BF=E9=BE=F9=B7=A2=CB=CD=C1=CB=CF=E0=CD=AC=B5=C4=D6=A7=B3=D6=D0=
=C5=BA=C5=A3=AC=BD=F8=C8=EB=CF=C2=D2=BB=BD=D7=B6=CE=A1=A3<br/>
> 2. =BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3=BE=AD=B9=FD=C1=CB=B5=DA=D2=
=BB=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA 2016 =B5=C4=C7=F8=BF=E9=BA=F3=A3=AC=C7=D2=D7=DC=
=D0=C5=BA=C5=C7=F8=BF=E9=B3=AC=B9=FD=C1=CB =
2218/4032=A3=AC=BE=CD=BF=AA=CA=BC=CA=B9=D3=C3=D0=C2=B5=C4=C7=F8=BF=E9=B0=E6=
=B1=BE=B4=F2=B0=FC=C7=F8=BF=E9=A3=AC=B2=A2=CD=AC=CA=B1=BF=AA=CA=BC=B9=C2=C1=
=A2=BE=C9=B0=E6=B1=BE=A1=A3=B4=CB=CA=B1=CB=F9=D3=D0=BD=DA=B5=E3=BA=CD=C7=AE=
=B0=FC=A3=AC=BD=AB=BF=C9=D2=D4=CA=B9=D3=C3=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=BA=C5=B7=A2=CB=
=CD=BD=BB=D2=D7=A3=AC=CD=AC=CA=B1=BC=E6=C8=DD=BE=C9=B0=E6=B1=BE=BA=C5=BD=BB=
=D2=D7=A1=A3<br/>
> 3. =C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3=D4=DA=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=
=E3=BC=E0=B2=E2=B5=BD=B5=DA=B6=FE=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA 4032 =
=B8=F6=C1=AC=D0=F8=B5=C4=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=B5=C4=C7=F8=BF=E9=BA=F3=A3=AC=BF=
=AA=CA=BC=BE=DC=BE=F8=BE=C9=B0=E6=B1=BE=BA=C5=B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=A3=AC=D6=BB=
=B4=F2=B0=FC=A3=AF=D7=AA=B2=A5=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=BA=C5=B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=A1=
=A3=CD=AC=CA=B1=BD=AB=B4=D3=C4=DA=B4=E6=B3=D8=D6=D0=C9=BE=B3=FD=BE=C9=B0=E6=
=B1=BE=BA=C5=B5=C4=BD=BB=D2=D7=A1=A3<br/>
> 4. =
=A3=A8=BF=C9=D1=A1=B5=C4=A3=A9=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3=D4=DA=B5=DA=C8=
=FD=BD=D7=B6=CE=D6=D0=B0=FC=BA=AC=D3=D0=B5=DA=CB=C4=BD=D7=B6=CE=B5=C4=C9=FD=
=BC=B6=B4=FA=C2=EB=A1=A3=B5=B1=CE=D2=C3=C7=C8=B7=B1=A3=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=
=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=B5=BD=D6=A7=B3=D6=D0=C2=B0=E6=B1=BE=BD=BB=D2=D7=BA=F3=A3=AC=
=B1=D8=C8=BB=B0=FC=BA=AC=C1=CB=B5=DA=CB=C4=BD=D7=B6=CE=B5=C4=C9=FD=BC=B6=B4=
=FA=C2=EB=A1=A3=D4=F2=B4=CB=CA=B1=BF=C9=D2=D4=CD=A8=B9=FD=BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=DA=
=B5=E3=CD=B6=C6=B1=B5=C4=B7=BD=CA=BD=CD=EA=B3=C9=C8=AB=CD=F8=C2=E7=B5=C4=D0=
=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3
>=20
> 1. Signal stage: Mining nodes signal using BIP9. The next stage will =
be activated after 55% (1109) of 2016 blocks has the signal.<br/>
>=20
> 2. Mining nodes upgrade stage: After a first grace period of 2016 =
blocks and total signalling blocks passed 2218 of 4032 blocks, miners =
broadcasting blocks with new versionbits in block headers will orphan =
blocks with old versionbits. At this stage all nodes can send =
transactions with new versionbits, and transactions with old versionbits =
will be compatible.<br/>
>=20
> 3. Non-mining nodes upgrade stage: after 4032 continuous blocks with =
new versionbits, mining nodes will start to refuse transactions with old =
versionbits. Only transactions with new versionbits can be relayed and =
included in blocks. Transactions with old versionbits can be safely =
purged from memory pools.<br/>
>=20
> 4. (Optional)Protocol Upgrade stage: The codes dealing with protocol =
upgrade can be integrated in the third stage. After the non-mining nodes =
upgrades to support newer version of transactions, the codes with =
protocol upgrade must be included and now we can use miner vote to =
activate and finish this upgrade.<br/>
>=20
> =D6=C1=B4=CB=A3=AC=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=CD=EA=B3=C9=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> At this point, the protocol upgrade have phased in.<br/>
>=20
> =3D=3DBenefits=3D=3D
>=20
> 1. =BD=F6=D0=E8=D2=AA=B6=E0=CA=FD=B5=C4=BF=F3=B9=A4=B7=A2=D0=C5=BA=C5=BA=
=F3=BC=B4=BF=C9=BC=A4=BB=EE=A1=A3=D4=DA=D6=D0=B1=BE=B4=CF=B5=C4=B1=C8=CC=D8=
=B1=D2=C2=DB=CE=C4=D6=D0=A3=AC99.9% =B5=C4=BF=C9=C4=DC=D0=D4=CF=C2=A3=AC55=
% =B5=C4=BF=F3=B9=A4=BD=AB=D4=DA 340 =
=B8=F6=C7=F8=BF=E9=BA=F3=C8=B7=B1=A3=B3=C9=CE=AA=D7=EE=B3=A4=C1=B4=A1=A3=D5=
=E2=BD=AB=D7=EE=B4=F3=BF=C9=C4=DC=BC=F5=D0=A1=CD=A8=B9=FD=BF=D8=D6=C6=C9=D9=
=CA=FD=CB=E3=C1=A6=B6=F8=CD=CF=D1=D3=CD=F8=C2=E7=C9=FD=BC=B6=B5=C4=BF=C9=C4=
=DC=D0=D4=A1=A3=CE=D2=C3=C7=BF=C9=D2=D4=D4=A4=BC=FB=B5=BD=D4=DA=CB=E3=C1=A6=
=D0=C5=BA=C5=B3=AC=B9=FD 51% =
=BA=F3=A3=AC=CD=DA=BF=F3=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=AB=D1=B8=CB=D9=B5=C4=D4=DA=B5=DA=D2=
=BB=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=C4=DA=BD=F8=D0=D0=C9=FD=BC=B6=A1=A3<br/>
> 2. =
=D4=DA=C1=BD=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=C4=DA=A3=AC=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=
=BB=D2=D7=B2=BB=CA=DC=D3=B0=CF=EC=A3=AC=D3=D0=D7=E3=B9=BB=B5=C4=CA=B1=BC=E4=
=C9=FD=BC=B6=C7=AE=B0=FC=C8=ED=BC=FE=A1=A3<br/>
> 3. =B0=E6=B1=BE=D0=C5=CF=A2=B0=FC=BA=AC=D4=DA block header =
=D6=D0=A3=AC=B2=A2=B2=BB=D3=B0=CF=EC SPV =CD=DA=BF=F3=B9=FD=B3=CC=A1=A3=A3=
=A8=BF=B4=C6=F0=C0=B4=CA=C7=A3=BF=A3=A9<br/>
> 4. =
=D4=DA=C1=BD=B8=F6=BF=ED=CF=DE=C6=DA=BA=F3=A3=AC=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=BD=
=AB=B1=D8=D0=EB=C9=FD=BC=B6=C7=AE=B0=FC=A3=AC=B7=F1=D4=F2=D2=F2=C3=BB=D3=D0=
=CB=E3=C1=A6=D6=A7=B3=D6=BD=AB=CE=DE=B7=A8=B7=A2=CB=CD=BD=BB=D2=D7=A3=AC=D2=
=B2=CE=DE=B7=A8=C8=B7=C8=CF=A1=A3=CF=E0=B6=D4=D3=DA=D4=DA=BD=DA=B5=E3=BC=E4=
=D6=D8=D0=C2=B4=EF=B3=C9=D0=C2=B5=C4=B9=B2=CA=B6=A3=AC=D5=E2=D6=D6=D7=B4=BF=
=F6=B2=A2=C3=BB=D3=D0=B8=FC=D4=E3=B8=E2=A1=A3<br/>
> 5. =
=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=B5=C4=D5=CB=B1=BE=BD=AB=B5=C3=B5=BD=D7=F0=D6=D8=BA=
=CD=B1=A3=BB=A4=A1=A3=CA=B9=D3=C3=C1=B4=CF=C2=C7=AE=B0=FC=B5=C4=D3=C3=BB=A7=
=BD=AB=D0=E8=D2=AA=D4=DA=C7=AE=B0=FC=B7=FE=CE=F1=CC=E1=B9=A9=C9=CC=B5=C4=C9=
=F9=C3=F7=D6=AE=BA=F3=BE=F6=B6=A8=CC=E1=D6=C1=C1=B4=C9=CF=C7=AE=B0=FC=BB=F2=
=B8=FA=CB=E6=A1=A3<br/>
> 6. =
=BD=AB=C0=B4=B5=C4=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=A3=AC=BF=C9=D2=D4=D4=DA=C9=FD=BC=
=B6=BF=CD=BB=A7=B6=CB=B0=E6=B1=BE=CD=AC=CA=B1=B0=F3=B6=A8=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=
=BC=B6=B4=FA=C2=EB=B2=A2=BD=F8=D0=D0=B6=C0=C1=A2=B5=C4=BC=A4=BB=EE=CD=B6=C6=
=B1=A1=A3=D5=E2=BD=AB=D4=A4=C1=F4=D7=E3=B9=BB=B5=C4=CA=B1=BC=E4=C8=C3=BD=DA=
=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=C8=ED=BC=FE=D2=D4=D6=A7=B3=D6=D0=C2=B5=C4=D0=AD=D2=E9=A1=
=A3=BC=B4=CA=B9=BF=F3=B9=A4=CD=B6=C6=B1=BC=A4=BB=EE=CA=A7=B0=DC=D2=B2=B2=BB=
=D3=B0=CF=EC=CF=D6=D7=B4=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> 1. The activation only requires majority miners signal. As described =
in the paper by Satoshi Nakamoto, 55% miners will be in the longest =
chain after 340 blocks, with 99.9% certainty. This will minimize the =
possibility of delaying network upgrades by controlling a small number =
of hashing power. We can foresee that after 51% signalling, all miners =
will upgrade within the first grace period. <br/>
> 2. During the first two grace periods, non-mining nodes will not be =
affected. They have enough time to upgrade their software. <br/>
> 3. Versionbits included in block header, not influencing the SPY =
mining. <br/>
> 4. After two grace periods, all nodes must be upgraded. Otherwise they =
cannot send transactions or get any confirmations. Compared with forming =
new consensus among nodes, the situation is not worse than before. <br/>
> 5. The ledger in non-mining wallet nodes is honored and reserved. =
Users of off-chain wallet services can decide whether or not to follow =
the service providers after they got the public notification from the =
service providers. <br/>
> 6. Protocol upgrades in the future can be bonded with the upgrades of =
nodes, and the upgrades activate through miners vote independently. =
There would be enough time for nodes to be upgraded in order to support =
new protocols. Even in case of failing in miner activation, the =
situation will not worsen and the status quo will remain. <br/>
>=20
>=20
> =3D=3DRisks=3D=3D
>=20
> 1. =
=CB=E3=C1=A6=B5=C4=B2=A8=B6=AF=BB=E1=D3=B0=CF=EC=D7=EE=B3=A4=C1=B4=B5=C4=BD=
=E1=B9=FB=A1=A3=D2=F2=B4=CB=D4=BD=B8=DF=B5=C4=BC=A4=BB=EE=B1=C8=C0=FD=D2=AA=
=C7=F3=BD=AB=BC=F5=C9=D9=B6=CC=CA=B1=BC=E4=B7=D6=B2=E6=B5=C4=CE=A3=CF=D5=A1=
=A3<br/>
> 2. =
=BF=F3=B9=A4=BF=C9=C4=DC=B7=A2=BC=D9=D0=C5=BA=C5=C0=B4=B1=DC=C3=E2=B1=BB=B9=
=C2=C1=A2=A3=AC=B5=AB=D4=DA=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=BF=B4=C0=B4=CE=DE=B7=A8=
=C7=F8=B7=D6=CA=C7=B7=F1=CA=C7=BC=D9=D0=C5=BA=C5=A3=AC=D6=BB=C4=DC=C9=FD=BC=
=B6=A1=A3=B6=F8=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=D6=AE=BA=F3=A3=AC=BF=F3=
=B9=A4=D2=B2=BD=AB=B8=FA=CB=E6=A1=A3<br/>
> 3. =
=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=BF=C9=C4=DC=B7=A2=BC=D9=D0=C5=BA=C5=C0=B4=BD=F6=C9=
=FD=BC=B6=B0=E6=B1=BE=BA=C5=B6=F8=B2=BB=D6=A7=B3=D6=B0=F3=B6=A8=B5=C4=D0=AD=
=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=B4=FA=C2=EB=A3=AC=B5=AB=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=CA=FD=C1=
=BF=CE=DE=B7=A8=C5=D0=B1=F0=A3=AC=D1=CF=CB=E0=B5=C4=D5=E6=CA=B5=BD=DA=B5=E3=
=D3=A6=B5=B1=B8=FA=CB=E6=BF=C9=D6=A4=CA=B5=B5=C4=BF=F3=B9=A4=CD=B6=C6=B1=BD=
=E1=B9=FB=A1=A3<br/>
> 4. =
=B4=E6=D4=DA=C9=D9=B2=BF=B7=D6=BF=F3=B9=A4=BA=CD=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=DA=B5=E3=B9=
=B2=C4=B1=A3=AC=D4=DA=D0=C2=D0=AD=D2=E9=C9=FD=BC=B6=BC=A4=BB=EE=BA=F3=D2=C0=
=C8=BB=CA=B9=D3=C3=C0=CF=D0=AD=D2=E9=CD=DA=BF=F3=B5=C4=BF=C9=C4=DC=A1=A3=D5=
=E2=D6=D6=BF=C9=C4=DC=CB=E6=CA=B1=B7=A2=C9=FA=CE=DE=B7=A8=B6=C5=BE=F8=A3=AC=
=B5=AB=CD=A8=B9=FD=C8=C3=B3=C1=C4=AC=B5=C4=B4=F3=B6=E0=CA=FD=C7=AE=B0=FC=BD=
=DA=B5=E3=C9=FD=BC=B6=B5=C4=B7=BD=CA=BD=BF=C9=D2=D4=BD=B5=B5=CD=D5=E2=D6=D6=
=D0=D0=CE=AA=B4=F8=C0=B4=B5=C4=C0=FB=D2=E6=A1=A3<br/>
>=20
> 1. The fluctuation of the hashing power will affect the result of the =
longest chain. Higher activating requirement means a lower risk of =
temporary fork. <br/>
> 2. Miners could simply signal to avoid being orphaned, but from the =
perspective of non-mining wallet nodes, they can't distinguish the false =
signal from the true signal. They must upgrade with the assumption that =
the signals are all true. After all the non-mining nodes have upgraded, =
the miners signalling false signal should follow. <br/>
> 3. Non-mining wallet nodes could false signal without supporting the =
new protocol but since the total number of nodes cannot be =
distinguished, genuine nodes should follow the proven result provided by =
miners vote. <br/>
> 4. Miners and non-mining nodes could conspire to fork using old =
protocol consensus. It can't be eliminated, just like in the past but =
through most passive non-mining nodes being upgraded, their benefit is =
reduced. <br/>
>=20
>=20
> =3D=3DImplementation=3D=3D
> ___TBD___
>=20