[Fundamental limits of DNA data storage systems](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.04732.pdf) [Advances in macromolecular data storage](https://arxiv.org/pdf/1409.3798.pdf) [Enzymatic DNA synthesis for digital information storage](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/06/16/348987) (2018) [Scaling up DNA data storage and random access retrieval](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2017/03/07/114553.full.pdf) [DNA punch cards: Encoding data on native DNA sequences via nicking](https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/672394v5) See also [[DNA ticker tape]] memory.